Abstract:

Oxaliplatin (OXL) is a third generation platinum compound with potent cytotoxic activity against various types of cancer, like ovary, colorectal and lung cancer. Its toxicity differs from others platinum agents, such as carboplatin and cisplatin, since it is less hematotoxic and nefrotoxic. However, a severe peripheral neuropathy stands as a side effect that complicates treatment and limits dose. Microglia has a maintenance role and has a neuroprotective effect, but these cells may also contribute to neuropathic pain processing by releasing cytokines and chemokines. The glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is essential for nervous system survival and development and to keep its structural and functional integrity; its level rises in injured peripheral neurons and ganglia. The activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), the enzyme responsible for nitric oxide synthesis, rises in conditions such as tissue damage or inflammatory response. The objective of this study was to investigate microglia, GDNF and iNOS participation in peripheral neuropathy induced by oxaliplatin.