Setembro 2025 vol. 12 num. 1 - XXXII Simpósio Internacional de Engenharia

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Motores a Hidrogênio de Alta Durabilidade: Um Estudo Comparativo entre Ferros Fundidos e Aços

High-Durability Hydrogen Combustion Engines: A Comparative Study of Cast Irons and Steels

OBARA, Rafael Brisolla ; VOIGT, Anna Louise ; FERRARESE, Andre ; CABEZAS, Carlos de Souza ; FANTIN, Luiza de Brito ; FERREIRA, Marcelo Moreira ; MOREIRA, Anna Ramus ; CHAVES, Luís Fernando Fiuza ;

Trabalho completo:

A transição global para a descarbonização posicionou o hidrogênio (H?) como vetor energético chave. Em motores de combustão, especialmente em veículos comerciais, o H? oferece alta eficiência em plena carga, tolerância ao H? de baixa pureza, menor custo e maior durabilidade frente a outras soluções zero emissão. Um desafio é a seleção de materiais resistentes a danos induzidos por H2 ? que reduzem a tenacidade e aumentam o risco de trincas. Aços inoxidáveis austeníticos resistem bem aos danos por H2, mas são caros e pouco resistentes ao desgaste. Aços de alta resistência oferecem maior resistência mecânica a custos mais baixos, mas são mais suscetíveis a danos. Os ferros fundidos surgem como alternativa promissora, combinando resistência, custo-benefício, propriedades térmicas e baixa suscetibilidade ao H2 devido às grafitas. Este estudo investiga o ataque por hidrogênio em alta temperatura (HTHA) em ferros fundidos e aços forjados. Amostras foram hidrogenadas por mais de 2.000 horas a 300 bar e 375?°C, simulando condições severas de motores a H?. Os resultados confirmaram a maior resistência dos ferros fundidos. Além disso, os achados foram comparados com normas globais para motores de combustão a H2, oferecendo insights para seleção de materiais duráveis em aplicações futuras.

Trabalho completo:

The global shift toward decarbonization has positioned hydrogen (H2) as a key energy vector. In combustion engines, especially for commercial vehicles, H2 offers high efficiency at full load, tolerance to low-purity H2, lower costs, and improved durability over other zero-emission solutions. A key challenge is selecting materials that withstand hydrogen induced damage ? a process that reduces toughness and increases cracking risk. Austenitic stainless steels resist hydrogen damage but are costly and have limited wear resistance. High-strength steels offer greater strength at lower costs but are more prone to hydrogen damage. Cast irons emerge as a promising alternative, combining strength, cost-effectiveness, thermal properties, and low susceptibility to hydrogendamage due to graphite. This study investigates high temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA) mechanism in cast irons and forged steels. Samples were hydrogenated in an autoclave for over 2,000 hours at 300 bar and 375°C, simulating severe H2 engine conditions. Results confirmed the superior resistance of cast irons. Additionally, findings were compared with global standards for H2 combustion engines, providing insights into material selection strategies to ensure high durability in future applications.

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DOI: 10.5151/simea2025-PAP56

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Como citar:

OBARA, Rafael Brisolla; VOIGT, Anna Louise; FERRARESE, Andre; CABEZAS, Carlos de Souza; FANTIN, Luiza de Brito; FERREIRA, Marcelo Moreira; MOREIRA, Anna Ramus; CHAVES, Luís Fernando Fiuza; "Motores a Hidrogênio de Alta Durabilidade: Um Estudo Comparativo entre Ferros Fundidos e Aços", p. 264-271 . In: Anais do XXXII Simpósio Internacional de Engenharia. São Paulo: Blucher, 2025.
ISSN 2357-7592, DOI 10.5151/simea2025-PAP56

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