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Fiscal decentralization and public R&D policy: a cross-country analysis

Colombo, Daniel Gama e ; Martinez-Vazquez, Jorge ;

Artigo:

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar se o nível dedescentralização fiscal de um país é uma variável relevante para explicar oinvestimento público em inovação (medido como percentual do orçamentogovernamental dedicado a pesquisa e desenvolvimento - P&D) e a proporção dapesquisa básica no gasto público em P&D. É apresentado um modelo teórico noqual um governo interessado em promover o bem público investe em P&Dvisando a maximizar a renda líquida disponível no país (no caso do governocentral) ou na respectiva região (governo subnacional), estados competem paraatrair capital, e os resultados de P&D encontram-se sujeitos atransbordamentos de conhecimento inter-regionais. De acordo com o modelo, a descentralizaçãoleva a uma proporção menor de pesquisa básica no gasto público com inovação. Oimpacto no investimento total de P&D é ambíguo, mas tende a ser negativo.As conclusões do modelo são testadas através de uma análise empírica utilizandodados agregados de diferentes países. Confirmando as previsões do modelo, essaanálise evidencia que um nível mais elevado de descentralização de gastos gerauma menor intensidade de pesquisa básica na cesta de P&D, e que tanto a descentralizaçãode gastos quanto a de receitas afetam negativamente o gasto total com inovação.Os resultados sugerem que um aprofundamento da descentralização fiscal de umpaís deve ser compensado com medidas para elevar o investimento público emP&D, e que cabe ao governo central um papel maior no financiamento ourealização de pesquisa básica.

Artigo:

Palavras-chave: descentralização fiscal; pesquisa básica; pesquisa aplicada; política de inovação; transbordamentos de conhecimento,

Palavras-chave: ,

DOI: 10.5151/enei2018-83

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Como citar:

Colombo, Daniel Gama e; Martinez-Vazquez, Jorge; "Fiscal decentralization and public R&D policy: a cross-country analysis", p. 1518-1536 . In: . São Paulo: Blucher, 2018.
ISSN 2357-7592, DOI 10.5151/enei2018-83

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