Maio 2021 vol. 8 num. 2 - V Encontro Nacional de Economia Industrial e Inovação

Artigo completo - Open Access.

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Artificial intelligence technology, capitalism, and the question of unemployment

Artificial intelligence technology, capitalism, and the question of unemployment

Mattos, Rogerio Silva de ;

Artigo completo:

Avanços contemporâneos de inteligência artificial derivam principalmente da rede neural artificial, um algoritmo computacional que replica certas funções de processamento de informação do cérebro humano e da mente inconsciente. Empregos arriscam desaparecer porque mesmo o conhecimento tácito usado tipicamente por humanos em tarefas mais complexas tornou-se passível de ser computadorizado. O artigo discute implicações dessa tecnologia para o futuro do capitalismo e do mercado de trabalho, concluindo que uma transição a muito longo prazo para uma economia sem empregos não deve ser descartada. Novos modelos de negócios e novos esquemas colaborativos provêm pistas sobre como as transformações poderão ocorrer. Um cenário em que a sociedade chega perto o suficiente do pleno desemprego é analisado e caminhos estratégicos para se lidar com os desafios envolvidos são discutidos. A abordagem seguida é eclética, baseando-se na teoria marxista do materialismo histórico e no modelo de tarefas de trabalho criado por economistas do mainstream.

Artigo completo:

Advancing artificial Intelligence draws most of its power from the artificial neural network, a software technique that has successfully replicated some information processing functions of the human brain and the unconscious mind. Jobs are at risk to disappear because even the tacit knowledge typically used by humans to perform complex tasks is now amenable to computerization. The paper discusses implications of this technology for capitalism and jobs, concluding that a very long run transition to a jobless economy should not be discarded. Rising business models and new collaborative schemes provide clues for how things may unfold. A scenario in which society is close enough to full unemployment is analyzed and strategic paths to tackle the challenges involved are discussed. The analysis follows an eclectic approach, based on the Marxist theory of historical materialism and the job task model created by mainstream economists.

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Palavras-chave: Inteligência artificial; capitalismo; desemprego tecnológico; materialismo histórico.”,

Palavras-chave: artificial intelligence; capitalism; technological unemployment; historical materialism.,

DOI: 10.5151/v-enei-667

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Como citar:

Mattos, Rogerio Silva de; "Artificial intelligence technology, capitalism, and the question of unemployment", p. 784-804 . In: Anais do V Encontro Nacional de Economia Industrial e Inovação (ENEI): “Inovação, Sustentabilidade e Pandemia”. São Paulo: Blucher, 2021.
ISSN 2357-7592, DOI 10.5151/v-enei-667

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