Artigo Completo:

Currently there is a movement to reduce emissions, fuel consumption and noise, as well as to improve driveability and start ability in bus applications; therefore hybrid vehicles have been a highlight in this new market niche in the recent years. This paper describes the integration between Cummins engines and Siemens electrical motors and systems, which are being connected in serial to meet this challenge. The electric motors are powered by capacitors and provide power to the wheels. The controller system monitors the charge in the capacitors according to the usage demand, specific driving conditions and other factors. Based on these, it will operate the engine at the speed that will recharge the system with the best fuel consumption. The hybrid system would use 10–30% less fuel, even using the braking system which also provides charge for the capacitor bank. Another great advantage is the use of the braking regeneration and combustion engine to generate energy for the capacitors, thus the system is able to turn off the engine when the capacitors are charged, and consequently fuel and emissions will be zero. This additionally brings improvements in driveability while providing the expected levels of passenger comfort.